Author: Madison
Trichrome stains are primarily used to identify 𝐜𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐚𝐠𝐞𝐧 (a structural protein), bone or 𝐟𝐢𝐛𝐫𝐢𝐧 (the protein that forms blood clots). In general, collagen and bone are highlighted blue-green, while fibrin is highlighted in red.
𝐑𝐞𝐝 𝐥𝐞𝐠 or 𝐛𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐝𝐞𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐨𝐬𝐞𝐩𝐭𝐢𝐜𝐞𝐦𝐢𝐚 is one of the most recognizable diseases of amphibian species. As the name suggests, this condition is a bacterial condition that affects the skin (dermato-), turning it red!
𝐈𝐧𝐟𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐮𝐬 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐮𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐬 is an infection with the bacteria 𝐌𝐲𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐬𝐦𝐚 𝐠𝐚𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐬𝐞𝐩𝐭𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐦. As the name suggests, this bacteria primarily infects the sinuses of turkeys!
PAS stands for 𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐨𝐝𝐢𝐜 𝐚𝐜𝐢𝐝-𝐒𝐜𝐡𝐢𝐟𝐟, and is a very common special stain used in pathology. It actually stains several things, so can be used for a lot of different purposes!
𝐖𝐞𝐬𝐭 𝐍𝐢𝐥𝐞 𝐯𝐢𝐫𝐮𝐬 is a type of 𝐟𝐥𝐚𝐯𝐢𝐯𝐢𝐫𝐮𝐬. Although the virus was first discovered in Africa, it has since spread around the world, causing numerous outbreaks.
Rhodanine is a stain for 𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐩𝐞𝐫. Copper, 𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐨𝐟𝐮𝐬𝐜𝐢𝐧 (a cell aging pigment) and 𝐡𝐞𝐦𝐨𝐬𝐢𝐝𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐧 (a blood breakdown product) all look very similar on H&E, so these special stains help pathologists distinguish between the brown granules.
𝐅𝐞𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐦𝐚𝐜𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 is an interesting process that happens when the uterine environment becomes infected. Unfortunately, the fetus does not survive this process.
Congo red is used to stain 𝐚𝐦𝐲𝐥𝐨𝐢𝐝, which is an abnormally folded protein that can accumulate in tissues. This protein takes up a lot of space in the tissue, potentially resulting in organ damage.
𝐇𝐞𝐩𝐚𝐭𝐨𝐜𝐮𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐞𝐨𝐮𝐬 𝐬𝐲𝐧𝐝𝐫𝐨𝐦𝐞 is also known as 𝐬𝐮𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐟𝐢𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐧𝐞𝐜𝐫𝐨𝐥𝐲𝐭𝐢𝐜 𝐝𝐞𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐬. Putting both of these names together, you get a liver disease (hepato-) affecting the skin (cutaneous) that causes cell death (necrolytic).
